Centrifugal machine



April 19, 1927.

L. D. JONES ET AL CENTRI FUGAL MACHINE Filed April 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Illy/111,111

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GENTRIFUGAL MACHINE Filed April l5. 1926 5 Sheets-Shes?l 2 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 L. D. JONES ET AL CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE Filed April 15. 1926 April le, i927.

@5kg/@25d @Hoz/Magi? Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

l 1,625,613 PATENT OFFICE.

LEO D. JONES AND vA IBIIHI'CTB. U. AYRES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AS- SIGNOBS TO THE SHAQBPLES SPECIALTY COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN SYL- VANIA, A CORPORATION OF. DELAWARE.

' CENTBIFUGAL MACHINE.

spannen mea April 1s, 192e. serial No. malas.

This invention relates to centrifugal machines and more especially to that type of centrifugal machine in which a separator bowl is rotated through the medium of a 6 spindle connected to the head of the bowl.

In machines-of this type, the bowl is rotated in a casing and the separated materv rials are discharged in dispersed condition into 'compartments formed by superposed l annular covers surrounding the head of the bowl and provided with suitable outlets.

The orifices in the covers through which the head'of'the bowl extends are of somewhat larger diameter than` the corresponding div ameters of the bowl, to allow for the vibration of the bowl inherent to centrifugal machines. Rotation ofthe bowl causes rotation of the air surrounding itin the same direction, duev tothe surface friction between the air and the bowl. The centrifugal force develo ed in the air by its rotation tends to cause ow of air toward the outer portions l of the covers 'and through the orifices and along the bowl toward that portion of largest the bowl has an ejector action on the air which adds to the. effect of the centrifugal force. Under-these conditions there is flow of air Ithrough the outlets with the result that someof the .vapors or dispersed substances dicharged from' the bowl are carried .by air currents into the atmosphere or into a compartment other" than the onein .which the were discharged', th'us causing loss of su stance, pollution of the atmosstances. l

It is fan object of this invention to overcome the undesrableconditions above outlined hy substantially preventing flow of air into or-out 4of as well as between the discharge compartments.

According'to this invention, this object is attained by substantially closing the annular dia'meter- The liquid being discharged from phere orintermingling of the separated sub` ,space between the inner edge of thev top between the covers and the casing. This posingmeans between the bearing and the.

top cover `for exerting pressure on the top cover through the enclosing means to com-A press gaskets interposed between the bottom cover and the casing between the covers themselves and between the topl cover and enclosing means and also providingtraps in the outlets from the discharge compartments. The provision of the spindle enclosing member and the traps in the outlets sub;tantially prevents flow vthrough the orifices in the covers and the outletsand the provision of the gaskets and pressure'exerting means prevents leakage from the compartmentswhich would occur under the ressure developed therein with the upper orlfice closed and outlets 'trapped if covers of the' usual slip t type were used. vAs a result, the separated su stances are restricted to the compartments in which they are discharged and the pipes connected therewith. There is substantially no escape to the atmosphere or to another compartment, thereby preventing a loss of substances, pollution of the atmosv Fig. 4 vis anenlarged view of a detail of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a vertical section, partially broken away, showing in detail the traps for the outlets of the discharge compartments and a modification of the spindle-enclosing member.' v

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, 10 is a support that may be in the form of an upwardly opening casing from the upper end of which projects an overhanging bracket 11. In the lower part of the casing 10 is rovided a'hole closed by a cover 12 having an inwardly projecting tubular portion upon which is mounted what is commonly known as a drag assembly1 14. Within the casing 10 is provided a ong tubular bowl 15, the lower end et which is guided by the drag assembly` 14 in a Well-known manner, there being provided a nozzle by means of which liquid substances to be separated are introduced into the bowl 15, and a pipe 16 leading to the tubular portion 13 from any suitable source ot" supply.

A hollow bearing base 17 is mounted in the head 18 ot the bracket '11 and has an annular projection 19 engaging the head 13, properly to'position the base, the latter being held in the head b v means ot a set screw 20. A bearing sleeve itl .is threaded into the upper end ot the base 17 and supports a driving pulley QQthrough the medium ot suitable antitrict-ion members Q3. A spindle 24 is liexibly connected to one end of the pulley 22, as bv means ol a rubber coupling 2o. The spindle extends through the base y17 and projects below the lower tace ot the head 18 of the bracket ll.

A head 26 terms the top ot' the bowl l5 and is provided with one or more passageways 27 through which the separated material is discharged, the passageways having three Wings 27 that causethe substances contained in the passageways to rotate with the bowl. Within the bowl 15 is provided a three-Winer member 29, each wing ot' which is engaged by a pin 30 carried -by the head 26, so that the wing member is rotated at the same speed as the bowl, whereby the materials to be saparated are caused to rotate at the bowl speed. On each wing of member Q9 is provided a spring 31 which frictionally engages the inner wall of the bowl 15 to hold the member 29 at proper elevation.

An annular cover 32, preferably of cast metal, rests upon the upper edge of the cas- 4ing 10 and surrounds the upper end of the bowl 15, there being interposed a gasket 33 between the casing and the cover. An annular cover 34, preferably of cast metal,.rests upon the cover 32 and also surrounds the head 26, there being a gasket 35 interposed between the cover 34 and the cover 32, and the bottom ot the cover 34 forming with the cover 32 a compartment for receiving material discharged from one of the passages A discharge s out 36 is provided in the lower cover an a similar spout 37 is provided in the upper cover. Connected with each spout is a pi )e (broken away) leading to a suitable collection receptacle, there being provided in each pipe a trap to seal otf its compartment from the atmosphere. These tra )s are shown in detail in Fig. 5, and will Ibe described in detail in connection with that figure.

rEhe spindle and the upper part of the head 26 projecting beyond the cover 34 are enclosed by a tubular member 33 having one end extending into the hearing base 17 and the other end extending into an annular tenacia groove termed in the upper face of eej/ er 311, there being provided a gasket 39 in this groove. A nut 40 intol Which screws the upper end of the member 38 is provided With a portion fitting into the base 17, this portion having a groove into which tits la dog point screw 41 whereby the nut 40 is rotatably supported from the head 18. Threads are provided at the bottom of the member 38 which may be engaged with thethreads in the nut Ll() to hold the member 33 up in the bearing 17 when it is desired to have access to the connection between the spindle 24 and the head 26v of the bowl.

ly turning the nut L10, pressure maybe exerted through the member 38 to compress the gaskets 33, 35 and 39 to form vapor tight joint-s. As the bearing 23 provides a substantially vapor-tight closure at the upper end ota the spindlelenclosing casing, the discharge compartments are effectively sealed olf Jfrom the atmosphere by means of this closure, the traps in the pipes leading to the collection receptacle and the gaskets 33, 35 and 39. The sealing oil of the compartments from the atmosphere effectively prevents escape of the separated substances into the atmosphere and also prevents intermingling of the separated substances, for there can heno influx of air into the compartments through the spouts 36 and 37 and, although rotation of the bowl 15 may cause the air in the compartment to rotate and thus build up pressure in the compartments, there can be no flow from one compartment to another, as there is no vent from either com artment. Without such sealing, there wou d be a flow of air between the co1npartments and also into and out of the compartments, which may be very objectionable, as, by this liow, there may be an escape ot material to the atmosphere with a consequent pollution thereof, as Well as loss of the separated materials and intermingling in one compartment of the materials which had just been separated by centrifugal action in the bowl.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 4 in which is disclosed a modified form of sealingv the space between the spindle and the cover, 50 represents the enclosing casing, 51 the bowl, 52 the head of the bowl,`and 53 the driving spindle. Covers 54 and 55 surrounding the head 52 form compartments into which the separated materials are discharged from the bowl 51. 'The compartments'are provided With discharge spouts 56 and 57, from which pipes (broken awa lead to a suitable colection receptacle not shown). Means are provided for sealing oit' the compartments from each other and for sealing olf the top compartment from the atmosphere and the lower com artment from the casing, thereby substantia ly preventing tlow of vapor between compartments, as well as preventing How of air into eithercompartment. This means comprises annular trough-shaped members 58 carried by the covers and opening toward the bowl head. Within each 'trough is mounted a plurality of segments 59 composed of carbon or other suitable material, the inner surfaces of which are iin contact .with the outerA surfaceof the head 52. These segments are loosely mounted in the member 58, sov that they may move to allow vibration of thehead when rotated. To ensure good contact'of the segments with -the head, there is provided a garter spring 60 arranged in the groove provided in the periphery of .the segments, one loop ofthe spring passing around a pin 61 whereby the spring and segments are held agalnst rotation. The contractile force of the spring 60 forces the segments 59 into engagement with each other, the segments forming a substantially vapor-tight seal between the rotating head-and the stationary covers. Gaskets 62 are provided between the covers and between the lower cover and casing 50,` and clamps 63 exert pressure to compress the gaskets and establish vapor-tight connection between the various compartments. Here, again, low'of vapor from the compartments under the influence of currents produced by rotation of the bowl 51 is prevented, since the segments prevent flow of air and there is no escape ventI because of the gaskets. Consequently, there is no flow between the compartments and the separated substances are retained in the compartments into which each is discharged. In the separation of certain substances, it'may'be desirable to introduce an inert gas within the discharge compartments. For this urpose are pro-v vided pipes 64 whichencircle the head 52 and are provided with perforations through which the inert gas may .be distributed "throughout the chambers.

Referring now to Fig. 5 in which is disclosed in'detail the traps in the pipes leading from the discharge spoil/ts to the collection receptacles and 1n which vis disclosed a L 'modified enclosing member for the spindle,

70 designates the casing, 71 the bowl,l72 the head of the bowl and 73 the driving spindle whichextends throughthe head- 74 ofthe Abracket 75. Covers 76 and 77 surrounding the head 72 f orm compartments into which separated materials are dischar ed from the bowl 71, the compartments being provided with discharge s outs 78 and 79. Between the casing an the cover 76 is arran ed a gasket180and` between covers 76 and 7 is In the head 7 4 is provided a sleeve 82, the lower end of which is interiorly threaded. Inv the upper face of the. cover 77 isy provided an annular groove in which is ar ranged agasket 83. A tubular member 84 `arranged a gasket 81.

surrounds the spindle 73 with its lower'end engaging the gasket 83. The upper end of the member 84 is screwed into the threaded portion of sleeve 82. A latch 84a is pivoted to the head74 and may be used to hold the member 84 within the sleeve 82 to which portion it may be slid when it is desired'to have access to the connection between the spindle 73 and the head 72. Rotation of the member 84 by virtue of its threaded connec-` tion with the sleeve 82, which is held in position by a set screw 85, forces the lower end of thel member 84 into contact with the gasket 83 and .through it exerts pressure on the covers 76 and 77 tol compress the gaskets and 81, thereby obtaining vapor-tight' nected a vertical pipe 91, at the upper end of which is provided an elbow 92, which is connected by a nipple 93 with a T 94. To one end of the T 94 is connected a vent pipe 95 to prevent siphoningo liquid in the trap, and the other end is attached to a pipe 96 leading to a collecting receptacle, not shown. The other end of the T 90 is connected to a pipe 97 kleading through a valve 98 to the pipe 96. The substances discharged into the compartments flow by gravity through the tubes and pipes to the collectin A portion of the liquid remains in 51e trap formed by the pipe 87, elbow 89, nipple 91, T 90 and pipe 92 to form a trap to seal oil the compartments from the atmosphere. lVhile the seals or traps for the discharge spouts have been shown only in Fig. 5, it has been previously explained that these traps are to be used in connection with theA modifications discl'osedin Figs. 1 and 2.

It is, of course, understood that while the device above disclosed is equipped witlutwo discharge compartments, the' invention is equally applicable'to a machine having one or a pluraliy of discharge compartments.A Moreover, it is contemplated that various structural modifications may be made with# tanks.

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lection receptacles. There is 'substantially no -escape to the atmosphere or to another comparment and loss of substance, pollution of the atmosphere and mixing of separated substances is prevented.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by United StatesLetters Patent is:

1. In Va centrifugal machine, a casing., a bowl mounted in said casing,means to suslpend and rotate said bowl, (a discharge compertinent supported by said casing and snrrounding said bowl,and means to seal offlsaidcompartment from the atmosphere.

2. In a centrifugal machine, a casing, a bowl mounted in said casing, superposcd annular covers supported `by said casing and surrounding said bowl to form discharge compartments, means for exerting'vpressure to force 4said covers and casing into vapor tight contact and means to seal off the upper compartment from the atmosphere.

3. In a centrifugal machine, a casing, a bowl mounted in said casing. a bearing, a driving member forsaid bowlV supported in said bearing, discharge compartments supported by'said casing and surrounding said bowl, and means for sealing oil said compartments vfrom the atmosphere, said means comprising an enclosing member for said driving member' interposed between said bearing and one of said compartments.

4. In a centrifugal machine, -a casing, a bowl in said casing, a bearing, a. driving member for said bowl supported in said bearin discharge compartments supported in sai casing and surrounding said bowl, said discharge compartments having spouts and means for sealing'off said compartments from the atmosphere, said means comprising traps in said discharge spouts and an enclosing member for said driving member interposed between said bearing undone of said compartments.

5. In a centrifugal machine, 'a casing, a bowl mounted in said casing, a driving member for said bowl, discharge compartments surroundin said bowl, an enclosing member for sai driving member having one end in. cont-act with one of 'said discharge compertinents, and means for exerting pressure through said enclosing member to force said compartments into contact.

6. In a centrifugal machine, a casing, a bowl in said casing, a bearing, a driving member Vfor said bowl supported in said bearing, a discharge compartment supported by said casing, a second discharge compartment supported by said iirst discharge compartment, a member enclosing said driving member and interposed between said bearing and said up er compartment, gaskets between said enc osing member and upper discharge compartment, between said compartments and between said lower compartment and said casing, and means for exert? bowl mounted in said casing .ing pressure through said enclosing member to cmpress said gaskets.

7. In a centrifugal machine, a casing, a bowl in said casing, a bearing, a driving member for said' bowl supported in said bearing, a discharge compartment supported by said easing, a second discharge compartment supported by said rst discharge compartment, a member enclosing said driving member and interposed between said bearing l and said upper compartment, gaskets between said enclosing member and upper discharge compartment, between said compartments and between said lower compartment ,and said casing, and means or exerting pressure through said enclosing member to compress said gaskets, and discharge compartments having spouts and traps in said spouts. l

8. A "centrifugal machine comprising a casing having an overhanging bracket, a bowl mounted in said casing, a bearing supported by said bracket, a driving member or said bowl mounted in said bea'ring, su erposed discharge compartments supporte by said casing and surrounding said bowl, a member enclosing said driving member and interposed between said bracket and the upper compartment, gaskets between said cnclosing member and upper compartment, between said compartments and between the lower compartment and casing, and means for exerting pressure through said enclosing member to compress said gaskets.

9. A centrifugal machine comprising a casing having an overhaxngin bracket, a bowl mounted in said casing, agbearing supported by said bracket, a drivingmember for said bowl mounted in said bearing, su erposed discharge compartments sup r by said casing and surrounding bowl, a member enclosing said driving member and interposed. between said bracket and the upper'compartment, askets between said enclosing member an upper compartment, be-

tween said compartments, and between the lower compartment and casing, and means forexerting pressure through said enclosing member to compress said gaskets, said discharge' com artments having spouts and traps in sai spouts. v

1 0. A centrifugal machine comprising a casing having anv overlia-ngin bracket, a

a driving memberl for said bowl paming through said bracket, su erposed discharge compartments supported y said casing and surrounding vsaid bowl, a member surrounding said driving member and having one end in contact with the lupper discharge compartment and interengagmg means on `said bracket and enclosing member whereby pressure may be exerted through said enclosing member against said upper compartment.

11. A centrifugal machine comprising a -ber for said bowl n bracket, superposed discharge compartments casing having an 'overhangingbracket, a i bowl mounted in said casing, a driving mempassing through said supported by said casing and surrounding said bowl, a member surrounding said driv# 4 casing having an overhanging bracket, a'

bowl mounted insaid leasing, a driving member for said bowl` passing 'through said bracket, superposed discharge compartments supported by said casing and surrounding said bowl, a member surrounding said driv` ing member and having one end in contact with the upper discharge compartment, a rotatable member carried by said bracketaa threadedconnection between said rotatable member and said enclosing member whereby pressure may be exerted through said enclosy ing member against said upper compartment.

spo.

fplurality of se `13'. A centrifugal machine comprising a casing, a bowl mounted in the casing, superposed dischargecompartments supported by said 4casing and surrounding Asaid bowl, means for applying pressure to the upper compartment to compress askets forjsealmg said compartments, said dlscharge compart-` ments having spouts and traps in said spouts.

14.)In a'. centrifu machine, a ca'slng, a rotatable bowl in sald casing, discharge .compartments supported by said casing and surrounding said bowl, 4and yielding means 'carried by said compartments and contacting with said bowl.

15. In combination,A a rotating member, a

ents surrounding said member, and resilient means surrounding said segments to maintain them in contact with said rotating' member.

16. In a centrifugal machine, a casing, a rotatable bowl' supported in said casing, la cover for said casin surrounding said bowl,

` means carried by sald cove-r and surrounding said rotating member, and resilient means for maintaining said surrounding means in contact with said rotating member. v l 17.'In a. centrifugal machine, a rotating bowl, a discharge compartment surroundingv said bowl, an annular trough-shaped meniber` carried by said compartment, ya plurality of segments loosely mounted in said member, and resilient means for .maintaining said segmentsein contact with said bowl.

18. lIn a centrifugal machine, a rotating bowl, a discharge compartment surrounding said bowl, and yielding means carried by said compartment and contacting with said bowl. 19. In a centrifugal machine, a support having a bearing therein, a spindle supported in said bearing, al.' centrifugal bowl 4suspended by said spindle and having dlscharge openings, discharge compartments surroundingthe discharge openings, and means for s substantially closing the space between said bowl and compartments without interfering with the normal vibration of the bowl.

20. In a centrifugal machine, a rotatable bowl, a discharge compartment surrounding said bowl, aspout for said discharge com partment, a flexible hose connected to said spout, a trap connected to said hose, and a .vented discharge pipe leadin fromsaid tra 21. In a centrlfugal mac ine, a rotatab e bowl, discharge compartments surrounding said bowl, and means to prevent vapor flow from one compartment to the other. 22. In a centrifugal machine, a rotatable bowl, dischar e compartments surrounding said bowl, an means to prevent escape of vapor from either compartment to the other or to the'. atmosphere.

23. In a centrifugal machine, a casing, a bowl in said casing, means to suspend and rotate said bowl, discharge l'compartments supdported by said casing and surrounding sal bowl, said discharge compartments having spouts, and means for sealing off said compartments from the atmosphere comprismg traps in said discharge spouts.`

24. A centrifugal machine comprising a casin having an` overhanging bracket provide with a recess, a bowl mounted in said casing, a driving member for said bowl passv.ing through said bracket and arranged within said recess, an enclosin member for said driving member, said enc osin member being slidable into and out of said recess, and means for retaining said enclosing member within said recess.

25. A centrifugal machine comprising a casing having an overhanging bracket provided with a recess, a bowlmounted in said casing, a driving member for said bowl passing through said bracket and arranged within said recess, an enclosing member for said driving member, said enclosing member being slidable into and out of said recess,- and a latch for retaining said enclosing member within said recess.

26. A centrifugal machine comprising ya .casin Vhaving an overhanging bracket provide with a recess, a bowl mounted in said .casing,a drivin `member for said bowl passing through sai bracket and arranged within said recess, an enclosin member for said driving member, said enc osing member being slidableintol and out of said recess, and

`co-acting means on said. bracket and enclosing member for retaining-said enclosing member within said casing. In testimony whereof, we names to this specification.

` LEO D. JONES.

ARTHUR U. AYRES.

have signed our susy Certificate of Correeton.

Patent No. 1,625,613. Granted April 19, 1927. to

LEO D JONES ET AL.

It is hereby certied that error appears in the printed specification of the abovenumhered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4', line 82, claim 7, for the Word and read Said; und that the said Letters Patent should he read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed `this, 10th day of May, A. D. 1927.

[SEAL] M. J. MOORE,

Acting' Commissioner of Patents. 

